What is GIT?

It is a free and open-source version control system used to handle small to very large projects efficiently. Git is used to tracking changes in the source code, enabling multiple developers to work together on non-linear development.

Difference between Git and GitHub?

Git is a version control system that let us manage and keep track of source code history. GitHub is a cloud-based hosting service that let us manage Git repositories.

GIT Commands

To check git is installed or not

$ git --version

help command

The first command, every beginner must know is $ git help as it gives you all the below commands and their use

$ git help
usage: git [-v | --version] [-h | --help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
           [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
           [-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
           [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
           [--super-prefix=<path>] [--config-env=<name>=<envvar>]
           <command> [<args>]

These are common Git commands used in various situations:

start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)
   clone     Clone a repository into a new directory
   init      Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one

work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)
   add       Add file contents to the index
   mv        Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink
   restore   Restore working tree files
   rm        Remove files from the working tree and from the index

examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)
   bisect    Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug
   diff      Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
   grep      Print lines matching a pattern
   log       Show commit logs
   show      Show various types of objects
   status    Show the working tree status

grow, mark and tweak your common history
   branch    List, create, or delete branches
   commit    Record changes to the repository
   merge     Join two or more development histories together
   rebase    Reapply commits on top of another base tip
   reset     Reset current HEAD to the specified state
   switch    Switch branches
   tag       Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG

collaborate (see also: git help workflows)
   fetch     Download objects and refs from another repository
   pull      Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch
   push      Update remote refs along with associated objects

'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some
concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'
to read about a specific subcommand or concept.
See 'git help git' for an overview of the system.

Setting up username and email

$ git config --global user.name "Sumedh Vasudev"
$ git config --global user.email "sumedh@gmail.com"

Check if username and email got added

$ git config --global user.name
$ git config --global user.email

Open the folder you want to push on to the GitHub in VS code or any other editor.
Then set your default terminal as GIT BASH. Also, create an account in GitHub and create a new repository.

Commands to push a folder onto GitHub

1. git init

This command is used to start a new repository.

$ git init

2. git status

This command shows the metadata and content changes of the specified commit.

$ git status

3. git add

This command adds one or more to the staging area. If you want all the files to be added into staging area, you can use dot or asterisk instead of typing all file names.

$ git add readme.md 
$ git add readme.md file1.py
$ git add * 
$ git add .

4. git commit

This command records or snapshots the file permanently in the version history.
-m is for adding a message. For example, "initial commit", "updated readme file" etc.

$ git commit -m "Type some meaningful message"

5. git log

This command is used to list all the commits made in current branch

$ git log

6. git branch

This command creates a new branch. Here, the branch name is "main".

$ git branch -M main

7. git remote

This command is used to connect your local repository to the remote server.

$ git remote add [variable name] [Remote Server Link]

You can get this remote server link from the new repository you created in GitHub.

8. git push

$ git push [variable name] main

This is it !! Now you can see all the files of your selected folder got pushed into your GitHub repository.

We also had many other useful commands like git pull, git merge, git checkout etc.

Conclusion

Learning Git and GitHub seems complicated in the beginning. But it becomes handy by knowing some basic git commands and their use. Hope this article added some value. Thank you for reading :)